How Long To Tpms Sensors Last

Tire Pressure Monitoring Systems (TPMS) are now a standard feature on most vehicles, designed to keep you safe and your tires properly inflated. But like any other automotive component, TPMS sensors don't last forever. Understanding their lifespan and knowing what to do when they fail is crucial for maintaining your vehicle's safety and performance.

The Lifespan of a TPMS Sensor: Averages and Factors

Generally, a TPMS sensor's lifespan is estimated to be around 5 to 10 years, or between 75,000 and 100,000 miles. However, this is just an average, and several factors can influence how long your sensors actually last. Let's break down those factors:

Battery Life: The most common reason for TPMS sensor failure is a dead battery. Most TPMS sensors are powered by a non-replaceable lithium-ion battery. Once the battery dies, the entire sensor needs to be replaced.
Environmental Conditions: Extreme temperatures, both hot and cold, can accelerate battery degradation and damage the sensor's internal components. Think of those brutal winters or scorching summers – they take a toll!
Road Salt and Corrosion: In areas where road salt is used during winter, corrosion can be a major problem. Salt can seep into the sensor housing, causing damage to the electronics and valve stem.
Physical Damage: Impacts from potholes, curbs, or other road debris can physically damage the sensor. A bent or broken valve stem is a common sign of physical damage.
Installation Issues: Improper installation can significantly shorten the lifespan of a TPMS sensor. Overtightening the valve stem nut or using the wrong tools can damage the sensor and lead to premature failure. Always use a qualified technician!

Recognizing the Signs of TPMS Sensor Failure

Knowing the signs of a failing TPMS sensor can help you address the issue before it becomes a major problem. Here are some common indicators:

TPMS Warning Light: This is the most obvious sign. A solid TPMS warning light usually indicates that one or more tires are underinflated. However, a flashing TPMS light often indicates a sensor malfunction or a problem with the TPMS system itself.
Inaccurate Tire Pressure Readings: If your vehicle displays individual tire pressure readings, you might notice one or more tires showing consistently inaccurate or erratic readings.
Sensor Not Communicating: Sometimes, a sensor simply stops communicating with the vehicle's computer. This can be due to a dead battery, damage, or a software glitch.
Physical Damage to the Sensor: Inspect the valve stems for signs of corrosion, cracks, or bends. If you see any damage, the sensor likely needs to be replaced.

Troubleshooting TPMS Sensor Issues: What You Can Do

Before rushing to the mechanic, there are a few things you can check yourself:

Check Tire Pressure: Use a reliable tire pressure gauge to check the pressure in all four tires (and the spare, if applicable). Inflate any tires that are below the recommended pressure listed on the sticker inside your driver's side door.
Reset the TPMS: Refer to your owner's manual for instructions on how to reset the TPMS system. Sometimes, a simple reset can clear the warning light. Keep in mind you will need to drive the car for a certain period of time after resetting in order for the system to recalibrate.
Inspect Valve Stems: Visually inspect the valve stems for any signs of damage or corrosion.

Important Note: If the TPMS warning light continues to flash after checking tire pressure and attempting a reset, it's best to consult a qualified mechanic.

Replacing a TPMS Sensor: What to Expect

If a TPMS sensor needs to be replaced, here's what you can expect:

Tools and Materials Needed

New TPMS Sensor(s): Make sure to purchase the correct sensor for your vehicle's make and model. There are universal sensors available, but it's often best to stick with OEM or reputable aftermarket brands.
Tire Iron/Wrench: To remove the wheel.
Jack and Jack Stands: For safely lifting and supporting the vehicle.
Valve Stem Tool: To remove the old sensor from the wheel.
Torque Wrench: To tighten the valve stem nut to the correct specification.
TPMS Diagnostic Tool (Optional): Some vehicles require the new sensor to be programmed to the vehicle's computer using a TPMS diagnostic tool. This tool can also be used to read sensor data and diagnose TPMS problems.

The Replacement Process

Deflate the Tire: Completely deflate the tire.
Break the Bead: Use a tire machine to break the bead of the tire from the wheel.
Remove the Old Sensor: Unscrew the valve stem nut and remove the old sensor from the wheel.
Install the New Sensor: Insert the new sensor into the wheel and tighten the valve stem nut to the manufacturer's specifications using a torque wrench. This is crucial! Overtightening can damage the sensor.
Re-mount the Tire: Re-mount the tire onto the wheel and inflate it to the recommended pressure.
Balance the Wheel: Re-balance the wheel to ensure smooth driving.
Install the Wheel: Re-install the wheel onto the vehicle and tighten the lug nuts to the correct torque specification.
Program the Sensor (If Necessary): Use a TPMS diagnostic tool to program the new sensor to the vehicle's computer, if required.
Test the System: Drive the vehicle for a short distance to allow the TPMS system to learn the new sensor.

Important Note: Tire shops often recommend replacing all four TPMS sensors at the same time, especially if they are all the same age. This can save you time and money in the long run, as the other sensors are likely to fail soon anyway. While you are getting the tires changed, have the TPMS sensors inspected as well.

The Cost of TPMS Sensor Replacement

The cost of replacing a TPMS sensor can vary depending on several factors, including the type of sensor, the make and model of your vehicle, and the labor rate of the repair shop. Here's a general idea of what you can expect to pay:

TPMS Sensor: $30 - $100 per sensor. OEM sensors tend to be more expensive than aftermarket options.
Labor: $50 - $150 per wheel. This includes the cost of removing the wheel, dismounting the tire, replacing the sensor, re-mounting the tire, balancing the wheel, and programming the sensor (if necessary).

Therefore, the total cost of replacing one TPMS sensor can range from $80 to $250 per wheel. Replacing all four sensors at once could cost between $320 and $1000. Always get a quote from a reputable repair shop before proceeding with the replacement.

Preventative Measures to Extend TPMS Sensor Life

While TPMS sensor failure is inevitable, there are steps you can take to extend their lifespan:

Maintain Proper Tire Pressure: Regularly check and maintain the proper tire pressure. This reduces stress on the sensors and helps prevent damage from underinflation.
Use Valve Stem Caps: Valve stem caps protect the valve stem from dirt, moisture, and corrosion.
Avoid Harsh Chemicals: Avoid using harsh chemicals or cleaners on the valve stems, as they can damage the sensor.
Proper Installation: When replacing tires or sensors, make sure the work is done by a qualified technician who uses the correct tools and procedures.
Consider Seasonal Tire Changes: If you use winter tires, consider having a separate set of TPMS sensors installed on those wheels. This avoids constantly removing and reinstalling the sensors, which can increase the risk of damage.
Regular Inspections: During routine maintenance, ask your mechanic to inspect the TPMS sensors for any signs of damage or corrosion.

Conclusion

Understanding the lifespan of TPMS sensors and knowing how to recognize the signs of failure is essential for maintaining your vehicle's safety and performance. By following these tips and taking preventative measures, you can help extend the life of your TPMS sensors and avoid costly repairs. If you suspect a problem with your TPMS system, don't hesitate to consult a qualified mechanic for diagnosis and repair. Keeping your tires properly inflated is not just about fuel efficiency; it's about your safety on the road!