2020 Nissan Altima Subwoofer Install

Upgrading the audio system in your 2020 Nissan Altima can significantly enhance your driving experience. While the stock sound system is adequate for some, adding a subwoofer can bring a new dimension to your music, providing deeper bass and a fuller sound. This article will guide you through the process of installing a subwoofer in your 2020 Nissan Altima, covering everything from preparation to wiring and testing.

Preparing for Your 2020 Nissan Altima Subwoofer Install

Before you even think about touching your car, proper preparation is key. This involves gathering the necessary tools, selecting the right equipment, and understanding the basics of your car's electrical system. Rushing into the installation can lead to mistakes and potential damage, so take your time and plan carefully.

Gathering the Right Tools and Equipment

Here's a list of the essential tools and equipment you'll need:

Subwoofer and Amplifier: Choose a subwoofer and amplifier that match your listening preferences and budget. Consider the power handling, impedance, and enclosure type. A popular choice is an amplified subwoofer, which combines the subwoofer and amplifier into a single unit for easier installation.
Wiring Kit: A complete wiring kit should include power wire, ground wire, remote turn-on wire, RCA cables, and speaker wire. Opt for a kit with sufficient gauge wiring to handle the amplifier's power requirements.
Line Output Converter (LOC): If you're keeping the factory radio, you'll need an LOC to convert the speaker-level outputs to RCA signals that the amplifier can use. Some LOCs also offer remote turn-on capabilities.
Wire Strippers/Crimpers: These are essential for making clean and secure wire connections.
Electrical Tape or Heat Shrink Tubing: Used to insulate and protect wire connections.
Screwdrivers and Socket Set: For removing interior panels and securing the subwoofer enclosure.
Multimeter: A multimeter is helpful for testing voltage and continuity.
Fish Tape or Wire Hanger: To help route wires through tight spaces.
Drill (Optional): You might need a drill to create mounting holes for the amplifier or ground connection.
Panel Removal Tools: These plastic tools help prevent damage when removing interior panels.

Understanding Your 2020 Nissan Altima's Electrical System

It's crucial to understand the basics of your car's electrical system before you start wiring anything. The most important things to know are:

Battery Location: The battery is typically located in the engine compartment, but it might be under the rear seat in some models.
Fuse Box Location: Familiarize yourself with the location of the fuse box(es) and the function of each fuse.
Remote Turn-On Wire: This wire signals the amplifier to turn on when the car's ignition is on. You can usually find a suitable wire at the radio harness or in the fuse box.
Grounding Point: A good grounding point is essential for proper amplifier operation. Look for a bare metal surface close to the amplifier.

Planning the Installation

Before you begin, plan the physical layout of your subwoofer and amplifier. Consider these factors:

Subwoofer Enclosure Placement: The trunk is the most common location, but you can also consider custom enclosures that fit under the seats or in the spare tire well.
Amplifier Mounting Location: Choose a location that provides good ventilation and is easily accessible for adjustments. Common locations include the trunk floor, the back of the rear seats, or under the front seats.
Wire Routing: Plan the route for your power wire, ground wire, remote turn-on wire, and RCA cables. Keep the power wire away from signal wires to minimize noise.

Step-by-Step Subwoofer Installation Guide

Now that you've prepared, let's move on to the actual installation process.

Step 1: Disconnecting the Battery

Safety first! Disconnect the negative terminal of the battery before you start working on the electrical system. This will prevent short circuits and potential damage.

Step 2: Running the Power Wire

The power wire is responsible for supplying power to the amplifier. Here's how to run it:

Locate a suitable entry point through the firewall. Many cars have existing grommets that you can use. If not, you may need to drill a hole, being careful not to damage any wires or components.
Feed the power wire through the grommet and into the passenger compartment. Use a fish tape or wire hanger to help guide the wire.
Route the power wire along the side of the car, under the carpet or trim panels. Secure the wire with zip ties or electrical tape.
Connect the power wire to the positive terminal of the battery, making sure to install an inline fuse close to the battery. This fuse will protect the electrical system in case of a short circuit.

Step 3: Finding a Suitable Grounding Point

A good ground connection is essential for proper amplifier operation. Here's how to find one:

Locate a bare metal surface close to the amplifier mounting location.
Sand the surface to remove any paint or corrosion.
Attach the ground wire to the metal surface using a bolt and ring terminal. Make sure the connection is tight and secure.

Step 4: Connecting the Line Output Converter (LOC)

If you're keeping the factory radio, you'll need to connect the LOC to the speaker wires. Here's how:

Locate the speaker wires behind the radio. You may need to remove the radio to access them. Refer to your car's wiring diagram for the correct wire colors.
Tap into the speaker wires using wire taps or by stripping and soldering the wires.
Connect the speaker wires to the LOC's input terminals.
Connect the LOC's RCA outputs to the amplifier's input terminals.

Step 5: Running the Remote Turn-On Wire

The remote turn-on wire signals the amplifier to turn on when the car's ignition is on. Here's how to run it:

Locate a 12V switched power source. This could be a wire at the radio harness or a fuse in the fuse box that is only powered when the ignition is on.
Connect the remote turn-on wire to the 12V switched power source using a wire tap or by soldering the wires.
Run the remote turn-on wire to the amplifier's remote turn-on terminal.

Step 6: Connecting the Speaker Wire

Connect the speaker wire from the amplifier to the subwoofer. Make sure to observe the correct polarity (+ and -).

Step 7: Mounting the Amplifier and Subwoofer

Securely mount the amplifier and subwoofer in their chosen locations. Make sure the amplifier has adequate ventilation.

Step 8: Reconnecting the Battery and Testing

Reconnect the negative terminal of the battery and test the system. Start by turning the volume down low and gradually increasing it to avoid damaging the subwoofer. Adjust the amplifier's gain and crossover settings to optimize the sound.

Troubleshooting Common Issues

Even with careful planning, you might encounter some issues during the installation process. Here are some common problems and their solutions:

No Sound: Check the power wire, ground wire, remote turn-on wire, and RCA cables. Make sure all connections are secure and that the amplifier is turned on. Verify that the inline fuse is not blown.
Distorted Sound: Check the amplifier's gain setting. If the gain is set too high, it can cause distortion. Also, check the speaker wire connections and make sure the subwoofer is not being overdriven.
Hum or Noise: This is usually caused by a ground loop. Try grounding the amplifier to a different location or using a ground loop isolator. Make sure the power wire is routed away from the signal wires.
Amplifier Overheating: Make sure the amplifier has adequate ventilation. If it's mounted in an enclosed space, consider relocating it to a more open area.

Professional Installation vs. DIY

While it's possible to install a subwoofer in your 2020 Nissan Altima yourself, there are advantages to hiring a professional installer. Professionals have the experience and expertise to ensure a clean and reliable installation. They can also help you choose the right equipment and optimize the sound system for your car. However, professional installation can be expensive, so it's important to weigh the pros and cons before making a decision.

DIY Installation:

Pros: Cost-effective, learning experience, control over the process.

Cons: Time-consuming, potential for mistakes, requires technical knowledge.

Professional Installation:

Pros: Guaranteed quality, saves time, expertise and experience.

Cons: More expensive, less control over the process.

Conclusion

Installing a subwoofer in your 2020 Nissan Altima can significantly enhance your listening experience. By following the steps outlined in this article, you can successfully install a subwoofer and enjoy deeper bass and a fuller sound. Remember to take your time, plan carefully, and double-check all connections. If you're not comfortable with any part of the installation process, consider hiring a professional installer. Enjoy your enhanced audio system!