Upgrading Your 2020 Nissan Altima With Aftermarket Wheels

Upgrading the wheels on your 2020 Nissan Altima is one of the most impactful cosmetic and performance modifications you can make. A new set of aftermarket wheels can drastically alter the car's appearance, improve handling, and even reduce unsprung weight, leading to better acceleration and braking. However, selecting and installing the right wheels requires careful consideration. This guide will walk you through the process, covering everything from understanding wheel specifications to proper installation techniques.

Background: Wheel Fundamentals and the 2020 Altima

Before diving into aftermarket options, let's establish a baseline understanding of wheel terminology and the 2020 Altima's stock setup. The 2020 Altima typically comes with wheel sizes ranging from 16 to 19 inches in diameter, depending on the trim level. Understanding the various specifications is crucial for ensuring proper fitment and avoiding potential issues like rubbing or interference with suspension components.

Here are some key wheel specifications you'll need to understand:

Diameter: The overall size of the wheel, measured in inches. This determines the tire size you can use.
Width: The distance between the inner and outer flanges of the wheel, also measured in inches. A wider wheel can accommodate a wider tire, potentially improving grip.
Bolt Pattern (PCD): PCD stands for Pitch Circle Diameter. This is the diameter of the circle formed by the wheel studs. The 2020 Altima typically uses a 5x114.3mm bolt pattern. This means it has five studs spaced evenly on a circle with a diameter of 114.3 millimeters. It's absolutely crucial to match this pattern or you won't be able to mount the wheel.
Offset (ET): This is the distance in millimeters between the wheel's mounting surface and its center line. A positive offset means the mounting surface is closer to the outside of the wheel, pushing the wheel inward. A negative offset pushes the wheel outward. Offset affects how the wheel sits within the wheel well and is critical for avoiding rubbing.
Center Bore: The diameter of the hole in the center of the wheel that centers it on the hub. If the aftermarket wheel's center bore is larger than the hub, you'll need hub-centric rings to ensure proper centering and prevent vibration. The 2020 Altima typically has a 66.1mm center bore.

Technical Breakdown: Selecting and Installing Aftermarket Wheels

Step 1: Research and Selection

This is the most critical step. You need to determine what size and specifications will work best for your needs and desired look. Consider these factors:

Desired Look: Do you want a flush fitment (where the wheel is almost even with the fender), a tucked fitment (where the wheel is inside the fender), or an aggressive stance (where the wheel extends slightly beyond the fender)?
Tire Size: The wheel width determines the tire sizes you can safely mount. Use online tire size calculators to find suitable tire sizes that maintain a similar overall diameter to the original tires. Changing the overall diameter too much can affect speedometer accuracy and ABS functionality.
Offset Considerations: Too much positive offset can cause the wheel to rub on suspension components. Too much negative offset can cause it to rub on the fender. Online offset calculators and forums dedicated to the Altima can be invaluable resources for finding the right offset.
Load Rating: Ensure the wheels you choose have a load rating that meets or exceeds the Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR) listed on your vehicle's door jamb sticker. This is crucial for safety.
Material: Wheels are typically made from aluminum alloy (cast or forged) or steel. Alloy wheels are lighter and offer more design options, while steel wheels are generally more durable and less expensive. Forged alloy wheels are the strongest and lightest, but also the most expensive.

Step 2: Gathering Tools and Materials

Before you start, make sure you have the necessary tools and materials:

Jack and Jack Stands: A quality floor jack and sturdy jack stands are essential for safely lifting and supporting the vehicle.
Lug Wrench: Use the correct size lug wrench for your lug nuts. A torque wrench is preferable to ensure proper tightening.
Torque Wrench: Critical for tightening lug nuts to the manufacturer's specified torque. The 2020 Altima typically requires 83 ft-lbs (113 Nm).
Wheel Chocks: To prevent the vehicle from rolling.
Hub-Centric Rings (if needed): If the aftermarket wheel's center bore is larger than the Altima's hub.
Wheel Cleaner and Detailing Supplies: To clean the new wheels before installation.
Gloves: To protect your hands.
Penetrating Oil (optional): If your lug nuts are seized.

Step 3: Removing the Old Wheels

Park the vehicle on a level surface and engage the parking brake.
Place wheel chocks behind the rear wheels.
Loosen the lug nuts on one wheel before lifting the vehicle. Don't remove them completely; just break them free.
Position the jack under the designated jacking point on the vehicle's frame. Consult your owner's manual for the correct location.
Raise the vehicle until the tire is off the ground.
Place a jack stand under the frame near the jacking point for safety. Never work under a vehicle supported only by a jack.
Completely remove the lug nuts and carefully remove the wheel.
Repeat steps 3-7 for the remaining wheels you plan to replace.

Step 4: Installing the New Wheels

Clean the hub surface with a wire brush to remove any rust or debris.
If using hub-centric rings, install them onto the wheels.
Carefully mount the new wheel onto the hub, aligning the bolt holes with the studs.
Hand-tighten the lug nuts in a star pattern (opposite nuts) to ensure even pressure.
Lower the vehicle until the tire just touches the ground.
Torque the lug nuts to the manufacturer's specified torque (83 ft-lbs or 113 Nm) in a star pattern using a torque wrench. It's important to use a properly calibrated torque wrench.
Lower the vehicle completely and remove the jack.
Repeat steps 1-8 for the remaining wheels.

Step 5: Post-Installation Check

After installing the new wheels, perform these checks:

Double-check that all lug nuts are properly torqued.
Take the car for a short test drive, paying attention to any unusual noises or vibrations.
Re-torque the lug nuts after about 50-100 miles of driving. This is crucial as the nuts can sometimes loosen slightly as the wheels seat.
Inspect the tires for any rubbing against the fenders or suspension components. If you notice rubbing, you may need to adjust the offset or roll the fenders.

Common Issues and Maintenance Concerns

Vibration: Vibration can be caused by improperly torqued lug nuts, unbalanced wheels, or incorrect hub-centric ring size. Get the wheels balanced and ensure the hub-centric rings fit snugly.
Rubbing: Rubbing can occur if the offset is incorrect or the tires are too wide. Consider rolling the fenders or using a smaller tire size.
Lug Nut Compatibility: Aftermarket wheels may require different lug nuts than the factory wheels. Ensure you use the correct type of lug nuts with the correct seat (conical, ball, or flat).
Corrosion: Aluminum wheels can corrode over time, especially in areas with harsh winters. Regularly clean and protect your wheels with a wheel sealant.
TPMS Sensors: If your Altima has TPMS (Tire Pressure Monitoring System) sensors in the wheels, you'll need to either transfer them to the new wheels or purchase new sensors. Make sure the new sensors are compatible with your vehicle.

Do's and Don'ts / Best Practices

Do's:

Do your research thoroughly before purchasing wheels. Use online resources and forums to learn about fitment options for your Altima.
Do use a torque wrench to tighten the lug nuts to the manufacturer's specified torque.
Do re-torque the lug nuts after 50-100 miles of driving.
Do use hub-centric rings if the aftermarket wheel's center bore is larger than the hub.
Do clean your wheels regularly to prevent corrosion.
Do consider the load rating of the wheels and tires.

Don'ts:

Don't over-tighten the lug nuts. This can damage the studs or warp the rotors.
Don't use an impact wrench to tighten the lug nuts. It's difficult to control the torque accurately.
Don't neglect to re-torque the lug nuts.
Don't ignore any unusual noises or vibrations after installing the new wheels.
Don't drive with rubbing tires, this can cause damage to your tires and fenders.
Don't install wheels that don't meet the load rating requirements.

Conclusion

Upgrading the wheels on your 2020 Nissan Altima is a rewarding project that can significantly enhance its appearance and performance. By understanding the wheel specifications, selecting the right wheels, and following proper installation techniques, you can achieve a stunning and safe upgrade. Remember to prioritize safety by using quality tools, torquing the lug nuts correctly, and inspecting the wheels regularly. If you're unsure about any aspect of the installation process, consult a qualified mechanic. With a little planning and effort, you can transform the look and feel of your Altima with a new set of aftermarket wheels.