How To Change Drum Brakes To Disk Brakes

Changing drum brakes to disc brakes is a popular modification for many vehicle owners, offering improved stopping power and enhanced safety. While it's a project that can be tackled at home, it requires a good understanding of automotive mechanics, proper tools, and meticulous attention to detail. This article will guide you through the process, helping you decide if this upgrade is right for you and providing insights into the steps involved.

Why Upgrade to Disc Brakes?

Disc brakes generally offer several advantages over drum brakes. The most significant is improved braking performance. Disc brakes are less prone to brake fade, which is a reduction in stopping power after repeated heavy braking. This is because the open design of disc brakes allows for better heat dissipation. Drum brakes, being enclosed, trap heat, which can lead to reduced friction and compromised braking ability.

Here's a breakdown of the key benefits:

• Enhanced Stopping Power: Disc brakes offer a more consistent and powerful braking feel.
• Reduced Brake Fade: Better heat dissipation minimizes fade during repeated braking.
• Improved Wet Weather Performance: Disc brakes tend to perform better in wet conditions compared to drum brakes.
• Easier Maintenance: Replacing brake pads on disc brakes is typically simpler and less time-consuming than servicing drum brakes.
• More Responsive Feel: Disc brakes often provide a more direct and responsive pedal feel.

However, it's important to acknowledge the potential drawbacks:

• Increased Cost: Disc brake conversion kits and labor (if you're not doing it yourself) can be expensive.
• Complexity: The conversion process can be complex and requires a good understanding of automotive systems.
• Compatibility Issues: Ensuring compatibility with your vehicle's existing components, such as the master cylinder and proportioning valve, is crucial.

Choosing the Right Disc Brake Conversion Kit

Selecting the correct disc brake conversion kit is paramount for a successful upgrade. Consider these factors:

Compatibility:

The most important factor is ensuring the kit is specifically designed for your vehicle's make, model, and year. A mismatched kit can lead to significant problems and even compromise safety. Double-check part numbers and descriptions before purchasing.

Kit Components:

A comprehensive kit should include all the necessary components, such as:

• Brake Rotors: The rotating discs that the brake pads clamp onto.
• Brake Calipers: The housings that hold the brake pads and pistons.
• Brake Pads: The friction material that contacts the rotor to stop the vehicle.
• Mounting Brackets: Necessary to adapt the calipers to your vehicle's suspension.
• Brake Hoses: Connect the calipers to the brake lines.
• Dust Shields (optional): Help protect the rotors from debris.
• Hardware: Bolts, nuts, and other fasteners.
• Instructions: A detailed guide to the installation process.

Quality of Components:

Opt for a kit from a reputable manufacturer known for producing high-quality brake components. Reading online reviews and researching the brand can provide valuable insights. Consider the materials used in the rotors and calipers. Look for rotors made from high-quality alloys and calipers with durable finishes.

Master Cylinder and Proportioning Valve Compatibility:

In some cases, you may need to upgrade your master cylinder and/or proportioning valve to ensure proper brake balance and performance. The kit's instructions should indicate whether these upgrades are necessary. A master cylinder that's too small may not provide enough fluid volume to operate the disc brakes effectively, while an improperly adjusted proportioning valve can lead to premature rear brake lockup.

Cost:

Disc brake conversion kits range in price from a few hundred dollars to several thousand. Consider your budget and the level of performance you're seeking. It's often wise to invest in a higher-quality kit from a reputable brand rather than opting for the cheapest option.

The Conversion Process: A General Overview

Disclaimer: This is a general overview. Consult your vehicle's repair manual and the specific instructions provided with your disc brake conversion kit before beginning any work. If you are not comfortable performing this type of work, seek the assistance of a qualified mechanic.

1. Preparation: Gather all necessary tools, including a jack, jack stands, wrenches, sockets, brake line wrenches, a torque wrench, and a brake bleeder. Park the vehicle on a level surface and engage the parking brake (if applicable).
2. Remove the Wheels: Loosen the lug nuts and lift the vehicle using a jack. Securely support the vehicle with jack stands before removing the wheels.
3. Remove the Drum Brakes: Disconnect the brake lines from the wheel cylinders. Remove the brake drums, shoes, springs, and other hardware. Clean the spindle or axle flange thoroughly.
4. Install Mounting Brackets: Attach the mounting brackets to the spindle or axle flange according to the kit's instructions. Ensure they are properly aligned and securely fastened.
5. Install Rotors and Calipers: Mount the brake rotors onto the hubs. Install the brake calipers onto the mounting brackets, ensuring they are properly aligned with the rotors.
6. Connect Brake Lines: Connect the brake hoses to the calipers and the existing brake lines. Use brake line wrenches to avoid damaging the fittings.
7. Bleed the Brakes: Bleed the brake system to remove any air bubbles. This is a crucial step to ensure proper brake function.
8. Install Wheels: Reinstall the wheels and tighten the lug nuts to the manufacturer's specifications using a torque wrench.
9. Test Drive: Carefully test drive the vehicle to ensure the brakes are functioning properly. Start with slow speeds and gradually increase the braking intensity. Listen for any unusual noises and check for leaks.

Real-World Owner Experiences

Many vehicle owners who have converted their drum brakes to disc brakes report a significant improvement in braking performance and overall driving confidence. They often mention a more responsive pedal feel and shorter stopping distances. However, some owners have also noted challenges during the installation process, such as difficulty with brake line fittings or the need for additional modifications to ensure proper fitment. These experiences highlight the importance of thorough research, careful planning, and having the right tools and knowledge.

One common piece of advice from experienced DIYers is to take your time and double-check all connections. Rushing the process can lead to errors that can compromise safety. Another tip is to thoroughly clean all parts before installation and to use new brake fluid.

FAQs

Will I need to replace my master cylinder?

It depends on the specific kit and your vehicle's original braking system. Some kits are designed to work with the original master cylinder, while others require an upgrade to provide sufficient fluid volume for the disc brakes.

Do I need a proportioning valve?

Similar to the master cylinder, the need for a proportioning valve depends on the kit and your vehicle. A proportioning valve regulates the brake pressure between the front and rear brakes, preventing premature rear brake lockup. Some kits include a new proportioning valve, while others may require you to adjust or replace the existing one.

How long does it take to convert drum brakes to disc brakes?

The time required for the conversion varies depending on your experience level and the complexity of the kit. A typical conversion can take anywhere from 8 to 16 hours.

What tools are needed?

You'll typically need a jack, jack stands, wrenches, sockets, brake line wrenches, a torque wrench, a brake bleeder, and various hand tools. A detailed list of required tools should be included with the disc brake conversion kit.

Can I convert just the front brakes?

Yes, it's possible to convert only the front brakes to disc brakes. However, it's generally recommended to convert both the front and rear brakes for optimal performance and balance.

How much does a disc brake conversion cost?

The cost of a disc brake conversion varies depending on the kit's quality, the complexity of the installation, and whether you hire a professional mechanic. Expect to pay anywhere from a few hundred to several thousand dollars.

Ultimately, converting drum brakes to disc brakes is a worthwhile upgrade for many vehicle owners, offering improved safety and enhanced driving enjoyment. By carefully researching your options, selecting the right kit, and following the instructions diligently, you can successfully complete this project and experience the benefits of disc brakes.