How To Convert Drum Brakes To Disc

Converting from drum brakes to disc brakes is a popular upgrade for many vehicle owners seeking improved stopping power and performance. But what exactly does it entail, and is it the right choice for you?

What Does Converting to Disc Brakes Involve?

At its core, a drum-to-disc brake conversion replaces your vehicle's existing drum brake system with a more modern and efficient disc brake system. Drum brakes utilize a rotating drum with brake shoes that press outwards against the inside of the drum to create friction and slow the vehicle. Disc brakes, on the other hand, use a rotor (a disc) that rotates with the wheel, and calipers that squeeze brake pads against the rotor to generate friction and stop the vehicle.

The conversion isn't simply a swap of components. It typically involves replacing several key parts, including:

• Brake Rotors: The circular discs that the brake pads clamp onto.
• Brake Calipers: The assemblies that house the brake pads and use hydraulic pressure to squeeze them against the rotors.
• Brake Pads: The friction material that contacts the rotors to slow the vehicle.
• Brake Hoses: Flexible lines that carry brake fluid from the master cylinder to the calipers.
• Dust Shields (optional): Protect the rotors and pads from debris.
• Mounting Brackets: Secure the calipers to the vehicle's suspension.
• Sometimes a new Master Cylinder: To ensure the correct volume and pressure of brake fluid.
• Sometimes a Proportioning Valve: To balance the braking force between the front and rear axles.

Depending on the vehicle and the chosen conversion kit, you might also need to modify or replace the spindles (the part that supports the wheel hub) or even the entire rear axle assembly.

Why Convert to Disc Brakes? The Benefits Unveiled

The primary reason people opt for a drum-to-disc brake conversion is the significant improvement in braking performance. Here's a breakdown of the advantages:

• Superior Stopping Power: Disc brakes generally offer more consistent and powerful stopping compared to drum brakes, especially in wet or hot conditions.
• Improved Heat Dissipation: Disc brakes are more effective at dissipating heat, reducing the risk of brake fade (loss of braking power due to overheating). This is crucial for towing, performance driving, or navigating hilly terrain.
• Better Modulation and Control: Disc brakes provide a more linear and predictable braking feel, allowing for finer control and smoother stops.
• Reduced Maintenance: Disc brakes typically require less maintenance than drum brakes. They are less prone to contamination from dirt and water, and the pad replacement process is often simpler.
• Enhanced Aesthetics: Disc brakes often look more modern and sporty, enhancing the overall appearance of the vehicle. This is particularly important for classic cars or vehicles undergoing restoration.

However, it's essential to acknowledge the potential downsides:

• Cost: Conversion kits can be expensive, and professional installation adds to the overall cost.
• Complexity: The conversion process can be complex, requiring mechanical skills and specialized tools.
• Compatibility Issues: Ensuring compatibility between the new brake system and the existing vehicle components is crucial.
• Potential for Increased Brake Noise: Some disc brake setups can be noisier than drum brakes.

Choosing the Right Disc Brake Conversion Kit: Key Considerations

Selecting the appropriate disc brake conversion kit is paramount for a successful upgrade. Here's what to consider:

Vehicle Compatibility:

The most crucial factor is ensuring the kit is specifically designed for your vehicle's make, model, and year. Using a generic kit can lead to fitment issues, safety concerns, and poor performance. Double-check compatibility charts and consult with a qualified mechanic.

Kit Contents:

Carefully review the contents of the kit to ensure it includes all the necessary components. A complete kit typically includes rotors, calipers, pads, hoses, mounting brackets, and hardware. Some kits may also include a new master cylinder or proportioning valve.

Brake Rotor Type:

Rotors come in various types, including:

• Solid Rotors: The most basic and affordable type, suitable for everyday driving.
• Vented Rotors: Designed with internal fins to improve heat dissipation, ideal for heavier vehicles or performance driving.
• Drilled and Slotted Rotors: Offer enhanced cooling and improved wet weather performance, but can be more prone to cracking.

Calipers:

Consider the type and quality of the calipers. Options include:

• Single-Piston Calipers: The most common and affordable type.
• Multi-Piston Calipers: Provide more even pressure distribution and improved stopping power, especially for larger rotors.
• Aluminum Calipers: Lighter than cast iron calipers, reducing unsprung weight and improving handling.

Master Cylinder and Proportioning Valve:

In some cases, a new master cylinder or proportioning valve may be necessary to ensure proper brake balance and function. The master cylinder provides the hydraulic pressure to the calipers, while the proportioning valve adjusts the braking force between the front and rear axles to prevent wheel lockup.

Brand Reputation and Reviews:

Choose a reputable brand with a proven track record of producing high-quality brake components. Read online reviews and consult with other vehicle owners to gather feedback on different kits and brands.

Installation Considerations:

Assess your mechanical skills and experience before attempting the conversion yourself. If you're not comfortable working on brakes, it's best to have the kit installed by a qualified mechanic.

Real-World Owner Experiences: The Good, the Bad, and the Rotors

Online forums and car enthusiast communities are goldmines for real-world feedback. Here's a glimpse into what owners report after converting to disc brakes:

• Increased Confidence: Many owners report a significant increase in braking confidence, particularly in emergency situations or when towing.
• Improved Pedal Feel: The more linear and responsive pedal feel is a common praise, making braking more intuitive.
• Reduced Brake Fade: Owners who regularly tow or drive in mountainous regions often highlight the reduced brake fade as a major benefit.
• Occasional Challenges: Some owners encounter challenges with installation, requiring modifications or adjustments to ensure proper fitment.
• Noise Issues: A small percentage of owners experience brake squeal or other noises after the conversion, which can often be resolved with proper bedding-in procedures or different brake pads.

"I converted the rear drums on my classic Mustang to discs and the difference is night and day! Stopping is so much more predictable now, and I feel much safer driving it on the road." - John S.

"The conversion wasn't as straightforward as I expected. I had to do some minor modifications to the brake lines to get everything to fit properly. But overall, I'm happy with the improved braking performance." - Sarah M.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Is a disc brake conversion worth the cost?

That depends on your needs and priorities. If you're primarily concerned with improved safety and performance, and you're willing to invest the money and effort, then a disc brake conversion can be a worthwhile upgrade. However, if you're on a tight budget or your vehicle is only used for light-duty driving, the benefits may not justify the cost.

Can I install a disc brake conversion kit myself?

If you have mechanical experience and are comfortable working on brakes, you can potentially install the kit yourself. However, it's essential to have a thorough understanding of brake systems and to follow the instructions carefully. If you're unsure, it's best to have the kit installed by a qualified mechanic.

How much does a disc brake conversion cost?

The cost of a disc brake conversion can vary widely depending on the vehicle, the quality of the kit, and the labor costs. A basic conversion kit for a common vehicle might cost anywhere from $500 to $1500, while more elaborate kits or conversions for specialized vehicles can cost significantly more. Professional installation can add several hundred dollars to the total cost.

Will converting to disc brakes affect my vehicle's resale value?

A disc brake conversion can potentially increase your vehicle's resale value, particularly if it's a classic car or a vehicle that appeals to enthusiasts. However, it's important to keep records of the conversion and to use high-quality components to ensure a positive impact on value.

What are the safety considerations when converting to disc brakes?

Safety is paramount when working on brakes. Always use proper safety precautions, such as wearing safety glasses and gloves. Ensure that all components are properly installed and torqued to the correct specifications. Bleed the brakes thoroughly to remove any air from the system. Test the brakes carefully after the conversion to ensure they are functioning correctly.

In conclusion, a drum to disc brake conversion can significantly enhance your vehicle's stopping power and overall driving experience. By carefully considering your needs, researching your options, and choosing the right kit, you can make an informed decision and enjoy the benefits of improved braking performance.