How To Properly Pressurize Steering System On Nissan Altima

Pressurizing the steering system on a Nissan Altima after performing repairs, such as replacing a power steering pump or hose, is a crucial step to ensure proper functionality and prevent damage. In essence, it involves removing air from the system and ensuring the correct fluid level, allowing for smooth and effortless steering. This article will guide you through the correct procedure, explain why it's important, and address common questions.

Why Properly Pressurizing Your Altima's Steering System Matters

Failing to properly pressurize the power steering system after maintenance can lead to a host of problems, ranging from minor annoyances to serious mechanical failures. Here's why it's so important:

Preventing Pump Damage: A power steering pump is designed to pump fluid, not air. Air in the system causes the pump to work harder, leading to overheating, excessive wear, and premature failure. Running the pump dry can completely destroy it in a matter of minutes.
Eliminating Noises: Air trapped in the power steering lines often creates a distinctive whining or groaning noise, particularly when turning the steering wheel. This noise is not only irritating but also a sign that the system isn't functioning optimally.
Ensuring Smooth Steering: Air bubbles compress more easily than hydraulic fluid. This compressibility results in inconsistent steering feel, making the steering wheel feel loose, jerky, or unresponsive. Proper pressurization ensures a consistent and predictable steering response.
Preventing Fluid Aeration: Air in the system can cause the power steering fluid to foam, a process called aeration. Aerated fluid loses its lubricating properties and can damage internal components like the steering rack and pinion.
Extending Component Lifespan: By preventing excessive wear and tear on the pump, rack, and hoses, proper pressurization contributes to the overall longevity of the power steering system. This saves you money in the long run by delaying costly repairs or replacements.

Choosing the Right Power Steering Fluid for Your Nissan Altima

Selecting the correct power steering fluid is just as important as the pressurization process itself. Using the wrong fluid can damage the seals and other components within the system. Consult your owner's manual for the specific fluid recommended for your Altima's year and model. Generally, Nissan vehicles require a specific type of power steering fluid, often Nissan PSF or an equivalent.

Here's what to consider when choosing power steering fluid:

Read the Owner's Manual: This is the most crucial step. The owner's manual specifies the exact type of fluid required for your vehicle.
Check the Label: Ensure the fluid is compatible with Nissan vehicles and meets the required specifications. Look for phrases like "Meets Nissan PSF specifications" or similar wording.
Avoid Generic Fluids: While some generic power steering fluids claim to be compatible with various vehicles, it's generally best to stick with the fluid recommended by Nissan.
Synthetic vs. Conventional: Synthetic power steering fluids offer improved performance and durability compared to conventional fluids. However, make sure the synthetic fluid is compatible with your vehicle's system. Refer to your owner's manual or consult a mechanic.
Fluid Color: While not a definitive indicator, pay attention to the fluid's color. New power steering fluid is typically clear or slightly amber. Dark, burnt-smelling fluid indicates contamination or degradation.

Never mix different types of power steering fluid. If you're unsure about the correct fluid, consult a qualified mechanic. Using the wrong fluid can lead to expensive repairs.

Step-by-Step Guide: Pressurizing Your Altima's Steering System

Here's a detailed guide on how to properly pressurize the power steering system on your Nissan Altima:

Safety First: Park your vehicle on a level surface and engage the parking brake. Wear safety glasses to protect your eyes from splashing fluid.
Locate the Power Steering Reservoir: The reservoir is usually a plastic container with a cap marked "Power Steering Fluid." It's typically located near the power steering pump.
Check the Fluid Level: With the engine off, check the fluid level in the reservoir. There should be markings indicating the "MIN" and "MAX" levels. If the fluid is below the "MIN" level, add fluid until it reaches the "MAX" level. Use the correct type of power steering fluid as specified in your owner's manual.
Raise the Front Wheels: Use a jack to raise the front wheels off the ground. Secure the vehicle with jack stands for safety. This allows you to turn the steering wheel without resistance from the tires.
Start the Engine: Start the engine and let it idle.
Slowly Turn the Steering Wheel: Slowly turn the steering wheel from lock to lock (full left to full right) several times. Do this slowly to allow air to escape from the system. Avoid holding the steering wheel at full lock for more than a few seconds, as this can put excessive strain on the pump.
Monitor the Fluid Level: As you turn the steering wheel, monitor the fluid level in the reservoir. Air bubbles will likely appear in the fluid. As the air is purged from the system, the fluid level will drop. Add fluid as needed to maintain the "MAX" level.
Repeat the Process: Continue turning the steering wheel from lock to lock and adding fluid as needed until the fluid level stabilizes and no more air bubbles appear in the reservoir. This process may take several minutes.
Check for Leaks: Once the system is pressurized, inspect all power steering lines and connections for leaks. If you find any leaks, repair them immediately.
Lower the Vehicle: Carefully lower the vehicle back to the ground.
Test Drive: Take the vehicle for a short test drive to ensure the steering feels smooth and responsive. Pay attention to any unusual noises or vibrations.
Final Fluid Level Check: After the test drive, check the fluid level one last time. Add fluid if necessary.

Important Notes:

If the power steering fluid is heavily contaminated (dark, burnt-smelling), consider flushing the entire system to remove old fluid and debris.
If you continue to experience problems with the power steering system after following these steps, consult a qualified mechanic.

Real-World Owner Experiences

Many Nissan Altima owners have shared their experiences with pressurizing the power steering system online. Here are a few common themes:

Patience is Key: Several owners emphasize the importance of taking your time and slowly turning the steering wheel from lock to lock. Rushing the process can result in trapped air and incomplete pressurization.
Fluid Choice Matters: Owners consistently recommend using the correct type of power steering fluid specified in the owner's manual. Using the wrong fluid can lead to problems.
Noise Reduction: Many owners report a significant reduction or complete elimination of power steering noise after properly pressurizing the system.
Improved Steering Feel: Owners often notice a marked improvement in steering feel, with the steering wheel feeling more responsive and less jerky.
Bleeding Difficulties: Some owners report difficulty bleeding the system, particularly if there are stubborn air pockets. In these cases, they recommend using a vacuum bleeder or seeking professional assistance.

One owner shared, "I replaced my power steering pump and followed the procedure in the service manual. It took a while, but I was patient and kept adding fluid as needed. The whining noise is gone, and the steering feels like new again!"

Another owner cautioned, "Don't cheap out on the fluid. I tried using a generic fluid once, and it caused problems. Stick with the Nissan stuff – it's worth the extra cost."

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Here are some frequently asked questions about pressurizing the steering system on a Nissan Altima:

Q: How do I know if my power steering system needs to be pressurized?

A: Common symptoms include whining or groaning noises when turning the steering wheel, jerky or unresponsive steering, and low power steering fluid level.

Q: Can I pressurize the system without raising the front wheels?

A: While possible, it's much more difficult and puts more stress on the steering components. Raising the front wheels makes the process easier and reduces the risk of damage.

Q: How long does it take to pressurize the system?

A: The process typically takes 15-30 minutes, depending on the amount of air in the system.

Q: What if I can't get all the air out of the system?

A: If you're having trouble bleeding the system, try using a vacuum bleeder or consult a qualified mechanic. There might be an underlying issue, such as a leak in the system.

Q: Can I drive my car with air in the power steering system?

A: It's not recommended. Driving with air in the system can damage the power steering pump and other components.

Q: Where can I find the correct power steering fluid for my Altima?

A: You can find the correct fluid at your local Nissan dealership, auto parts store, or online retailer. Refer to your owner's manual for the specific type of fluid required.

Q: Is it necessary to flush the power steering system when replacing a component?

A: Flushing the system is recommended, especially if the fluid is contaminated or if you're replacing a major component like the power steering pump. This helps to remove old fluid and debris, ensuring optimal performance.

By following these steps and addressing these common questions, you can properly pressurize the steering system on your Nissan Altima, ensuring smooth, responsive steering and preventing costly repairs. Remember to prioritize safety and consult a professional if you're unsure about any part of the process.