What Does Gtr Stand For Nissan

Alright, let's dive into what "GTR" stands for in the context of Nissan vehicles, particularly the legendary Skyline GTR and the current Nissan GT-R. While many enthusiasts have their own interpretations, the generally accepted meaning is "Gran Turismo Racing." Knowing this isn't just trivia; understanding the underlying principles behind this name helps you appreciate the engineering and purpose of these incredible machines. We'll explore the key components, functionality, and even some troubleshooting tips.

Purpose: Unveiling the Beast Within

Understanding the mechanics and electrical systems of your GT-R, whether it's an older Skyline or the modern R35, is crucial for several reasons:

Maintenance and Repair: Diagnosing and fixing issues becomes much easier when you can trace circuits and understand the role of different components.
Performance Tuning: Modifying your GT-R for increased performance requires a solid understanding of how the engine, transmission, and other systems interact. Knowing how everything works helps you avoid potentially damaging your vehicle.
General Knowledge: Simply knowing your car better enhances the driving experience and fosters a deeper appreciation for its engineering.

Key Specs and Main Parts

While specific components vary between Skyline GTR generations and the R35 GT-R, some common elements are vital to the GT-R's performance:

Engine (RB26DETT & VR38DETT)

The engine is the heart of any GT-R. * RB26DETT: Found in Skyline GTRs (R32-R34), it's a 2.6-liter inline-six, twin-turbocharged engine known for its robust construction and tuning potential. The acronyms mean: RB, series of engine; 26, 2.6 Liter displacement; D, Dual Overhead Camshafts; E, Electronic Fuel Injection; TT, Twin Turbo. This engine is celebrated for its iron block and forged internals, making it extremely durable. * VR38DETT: Powering the R35 GT-R, this is a 3.8-liter V6, twin-turbocharged engine. It features a plasma-sprayed cylinder bore coating, which enhances cooling and reduces friction. It also uses an independent throttle body for each cylinder. Both engines rely on turbocharging to increase power, with boost pressure being a key parameter for tuning.

Transmission (ATTESA E-TS & GR6)

The GT-R uses advanced all-wheel-drive systems to provide exceptional grip and handling. * ATTESA E-TS (Advanced Total Traction Engineering System for All-Terrain): Used in Skyline GTRs, it's an electronically controlled all-wheel-drive system that dynamically adjusts torque distribution between the front and rear wheels based on factors like wheel slip, throttle position, and steering angle. * GR6: The R35 GT-R utilizes a dual-clutch transmission (DCT) known as the GR6. This allows for incredibly fast gear changes, often faster than a human can achieve with a manual transmission. It's a sophisticated piece of engineering that requires specialized maintenance.

Suspension and Brakes

The suspension systems of GT-Rs are designed for both road and track use. High-performance brakes are crucial for stopping power. Brembo brakes are common on GT-Rs, offering superior stopping performance and resistance to fade. The suspension includes electronically adjustable dampers in the R35 to allow for variable ride stiffness.

Electronics and Sensors

Modern GT-Rs are packed with sensors that monitor everything from engine parameters to wheel speed. These sensors feed data to the ECU (Engine Control Unit), which controls various functions like fuel injection, ignition timing, and turbo boost. Understanding sensor readings is critical for diagnosing problems.

Symbols: Deciphering the Diagram

Understanding the symbols in a GT-R's diagrams is critical for accurate diagnosis and repair. * Lines: Solid lines generally represent physical connections (wires, hoses, pipes), while dashed lines often indicate control signals or vacuum lines. * Colors: Wiring diagrams use color-coding to identify different wires. A legend will usually indicate what each color represents (e.g., red for power, black for ground). * Icons: Icons represent components like resistors, capacitors, diodes, relays, sensors, and actuators. Common symbols include:

Resistor: A zig-zag line.
Capacitor: Two parallel lines.
Diode: A triangle pointing to a line.
Relay: A coil and a switch.

Pay close attention to the diagram's legend to fully understand the meaning of each symbol.

How It Works: A System-Level View

Let's take a simplified look at how some key systems function in a GT-R:

Fuel Injection

The ECU receives data from various sensors (MAF, O2 sensors, crank/cam position sensors) and calculates the optimal amount of fuel to inject into each cylinder. Injectors, controlled by the ECU, spray fuel into the intake manifold or directly into the cylinders (depending on the model).

Turbocharging

Exhaust gases spin the turbine wheel, which is connected to the compressor wheel. The compressor wheel draws in air and compresses it, increasing the air density entering the engine. This allows the engine to burn more fuel and produce more power. Wastegates control boost pressure by diverting exhaust gases away from the turbine when a certain pressure threshold is reached.

All-Wheel Drive (ATTESA E-TS)

The ATTESA E-TS system uses an electronically controlled hydraulic multi-plate clutch to distribute torque to the front wheels. The ECU monitors wheel slip and other parameters and adjusts the clutch pressure to vary the amount of torque sent to the front.

Real-World Use: Basic Troubleshooting Tips

Here are some common GT-R issues and basic troubleshooting steps:

Boost Leak: Symptoms include low power, hissing sound, and potentially engine damage. Check all vacuum lines, intercooler piping, and turbocharger connections for leaks.
Misfires: Can be caused by faulty spark plugs, ignition coils, fuel injectors, or vacuum leaks. Use an OBD-II scanner to identify the cylinder experiencing the misfire and then troubleshoot the associated components.
ATTESA E-TS Issues: Can cause erratic handling or loss of traction. Check the fluid level in the transfer case and inspect the system for any obvious leaks or damage. Diagnose with CONSULT tool or compatible OBD-II scanner.

Remember to consult the repair manual for specific troubleshooting procedures and torque specifications.

Safety: Handle with Care

Working on a GT-R can be dangerous if proper precautions are not taken. High-voltage components, such as the ignition system, can deliver a potentially lethal shock. Always disconnect the battery before working on electrical components. Fuel lines can be under high pressure, so relieve the pressure before disconnecting them. The exhaust system gets extremely hot, so allow it to cool down before working on it. Wear appropriate safety gear, including eye protection, gloves, and hearing protection.

We have a comprehensive diagram of the GT-R's electrical and mechanical systems available for download. This diagram provides detailed information on the location of components, wiring schematics, and fluid routing. This will be invaluable for repairs, modifications, and general understanding of your GT-R. We encourage you to use it responsibly and safely.