What Is The Back Of An Suv Called

Let's talk about the back end of your SUV, or what we technically call the rear cargo area or simply, the rear. Understanding this part of your vehicle is crucial for everything from routine maintenance and DIY repairs to more complex modifications. This article breaks down the components, functionality, and potential pitfalls of your SUV's rear, providing you with a solid foundation for tackling any issues or projects that might arise.

Purpose of Understanding the Rear Cargo Area

Why bother delving into the intricacies of your SUV's rear? Several reasons come to mind. First and foremost is repair and maintenance. Knowing the layout and components allows you to diagnose problems more effectively and potentially perform repairs yourself, saving on labor costs. Second, understanding the rear enables you to plan and execute modifications, such as adding a trailer hitch, upgrading the lighting, or installing a custom storage system. Finally, a thorough understanding of your vehicle is simply empowering. You'll be able to speak intelligently with mechanics, evaluate repair estimates, and make informed decisions about your vehicle's care. This knowledge translates to greater control and potentially significant cost savings over the long run.

Key Specs and Main Parts

The rear of an SUV is more than just a hatch and some storage space. It's a complex system of interconnected components. Here are some of the key elements:

Liftgate/Tailgate: This is the main access point to the cargo area. It can be a traditional hinged tailgate, a liftgate that swings upward, or a split tailgate/liftgate configuration. Consider the weight and operating mechanism (manual, power-assisted) when troubleshooting.
Liftgate Struts/Supports: These hydraulic or pneumatic struts assist in lifting and holding the liftgate open. A common issue is loss of gas pressure, resulting in a failing or drooping liftgate.
Latch and Locking Mechanism: This system secures the liftgate closed. It typically includes a latch, striker, and locking actuator. Electrical issues or mechanical wear can lead to problems with opening or closing the liftgate.
Rear Bumper: Designed to absorb impacts in low-speed collisions, the rear bumper is a crucial safety feature. It often houses sensors for parking assist and blind-spot monitoring.
Rear Lights: These include taillights, brake lights, turn signals, and reverse lights, all essential for visibility and safety. Understanding the wiring diagrams for these lights is crucial for troubleshooting electrical issues.
Rear Suspension Components: While not strictly part of the "cargo area," the rear suspension plays a vital role in handling and ride comfort. Components include springs, shocks (dampers), control arms, and sway bars.
Spare Tire Well/Storage Compartment: Located beneath the cargo floor, this area typically houses the spare tire, jack, and other emergency tools.
Cargo Area Trim and Panels: These interior components provide a finished look and protect the underlying metal structure. They can be removed for access to wiring and other components.
Wiring Harnesses: A complex network of wires that connects all the electrical components in the rear of the vehicle. Crucial for diagnosing lighting, sensor, and actuator problems.

Key Specs to Consider: Dimensions of the cargo area (length, width, height), maximum cargo weight capacity, liftgate opening height, and presence of features like a power liftgate or a hands-free liftgate.

Symbols and Diagram Conventions

Understanding the diagrams relevant to your SUV's rear requires familiarity with common automotive symbols and conventions. Here's a brief overview:

Lines: Solid lines generally represent physical connections, such as wires or hoses. Dashed lines may indicate hidden components or vacuum lines. Line thickness can sometimes denote wire gauge or hose diameter.
Colors: Wires are typically color-coded. A key will usually be provided on the diagram to identify the function of each wire based on its color. For example, red might indicate power, black might indicate ground, and other colors might represent signal wires.
Icons: Icons represent specific components, such as lights, sensors, motors, and switches. Standard icons are used across the automotive industry, but it's always best to refer to the diagram's legend for clarification. A light bulb is often represented by a circle with an "X" inside, while a switch is represented by a break in a line with a movable contact arm.
Numerical Designations: Components and wires are often labeled with numbers or alphanumeric codes. These codes are used to cross-reference parts and wiring diagrams.
Ground Symbols: Ground connections are typically represented by a series of horizontal lines tapering downward.

Example: A diagram showing the rear lighting system will use different colored lines to represent the wires for the taillights, brake lights, turn signals, and reverse lights. Each wire will likely be labeled with a number corresponding to its pin on the connector. The diagram will also show the location of fuses and relays related to the lighting system.

How It Works

The rear of an SUV functions as an integrated system. Let's consider a few key aspects:

Liftgate Operation: When you press the liftgate button or use the key fob, a signal is sent to the liftgate control module. This module activates the liftgate motor (if equipped with a power liftgate) or releases the latch. The liftgate struts then assist in raising the liftgate. Sensors may be used to detect obstacles and prevent the liftgate from closing if an obstruction is present.
Rear Lighting System: The brake lights are activated when the brake pedal is pressed, signaling to other drivers that you are slowing down or stopping. Turn signals are activated when the turn signal stalk is engaged, indicating your intention to turn or change lanes. Reverse lights are activated when the vehicle is shifted into reverse, illuminating the area behind the vehicle and providing a visual warning to pedestrians and other drivers.
Rear Suspension: The rear suspension is responsible for maintaining ride comfort and handling. The springs support the weight of the vehicle, while the shocks (dampers) control the movement of the springs. Control arms connect the suspension components to the vehicle's frame, and sway bars help to reduce body roll during cornering.

Real-World Use - Basic Troubleshooting Tips

Here are a few common troubleshooting scenarios related to the rear of your SUV:

Liftgate Won't Open: Check the fuse for the liftgate motor. If the fuse is blown, replace it. If the liftgate still won't open, check the liftgate latch and locking mechanism for mechanical damage or electrical problems. Test the liftgate motor using a multimeter to see if it is receiving power.
Taillights Not Working: Check the bulbs first. If the bulbs are good, check the fuses. If the fuses are good, check the wiring and connectors for corrosion or damage. Use a multimeter to check for voltage at the bulb socket.
Rear Bumper Damage: Minor scratches and dents can often be repaired with DIY kits. More significant damage may require professional repair or replacement of the bumper cover.
Sagging Rear Suspension: This can indicate worn-out springs or shocks. Inspect the suspension components for leaks or damage. Replace worn components as needed.

Safety Considerations

Working on the rear of your SUV involves certain safety risks. Here are a few precautions to take:

Disconnect the Battery: Before working on any electrical components, disconnect the negative terminal of the battery to prevent electrical shock.
Support the Vehicle Properly: When working under the vehicle, use jack stands to support the weight of the vehicle. Never rely solely on a jack.
Wear Safety Glasses: Protect your eyes from debris when working on the vehicle.
Be Careful with Springs: Springs store a lot of energy and can be dangerous if mishandled. Use appropriate spring compressors when working on the suspension.
Handle Fluids Carefully: Automotive fluids, such as brake fluid and power steering fluid, can be harmful. Wear gloves and avoid contact with skin and eyes.
Power Liftgates: Be extremely cautious when working around power liftgates. They can close unexpectedly and cause injury. Always disconnect the power supply to the liftgate motor before performing any repairs.

Understanding the rear cargo area of your SUV empowers you to take control of maintenance and repairs. Remember to always prioritize safety and consult repair manuals or seek professional help when necessary.

We have a detailed diagram outlining the components and electrical systems of a typical SUV rear cargo area ready for you. It includes exploded views and wiring schematics. Download it to enhance your understanding and assist with future projects. [Link to download diagram would be here].